a)
x= salariul primului muncitor
y= salariul celui de-al doilea muncitor
x+y=2000⇒y=2000-x
x+x/3=2y
x+x/3=2(2000-x)
x+x/3=4000-2x
x+2x+x/3=4000
3x+x/3=4000
9x+x=12000
10x=12000
x=12000/10=1200lei
y=2000-x=2000-1200=800lei
b)
x=1200+50%=1200+50/100*1200=1200+1/2*1200=1200+600=1800lei
y=800+50%=800+50/100*800=800+1/2*800=800+400=1200
x/y=1800/1200=3/2=1,5